Mahr as Wife's Fundamental Right in Four Mazhab and Maqasid Al-Shari'ah Perspective
Keywords:
mahar, fundamental rights of wives, islamic jurisprudence, islamic marriage law, islamic economicsAbstract
This research revisits mahar's evolving role within Islamic jurisprudence and societal frameworks by examining perspectives from the Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hambali schools, emphasizing its contemporary significance. Through bibliographic review and comparative methodology, the investigation demonstrates how early Islamic jurists understood mahar beyond its material dimension viewing it instead as an embodiment of dignity, fairness, and women's financial autonomy. Despite variations in calculating amounts and acceptable forms, a consensus emerges across all four schools: mahar constitutes an essential, non-negotiable entitlement for wives. Today's context reveals mahar's adaptable nature, allowing its manifestation through contemporary means including educational opportunities, financial instruments, or wealth protection mechanisms, provided these align with consent and equity principles. While issues like mahar commodification and economic inequalities persist, applying maqasid al-syari'ah principles enables more compassionate and flexible Islamic legal interpretations. This work examines mahar's enduring function as both ethical and economic safeguard for women within evolving Muslim communities, maintaining its comprehensive shariah framework.
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